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. 2019 Feb 5;7(3):969–976. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.907

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Walnut seed coast (WSC) improves Memory and Cognition in D‐galactose Administered Mice in Behavioral Tests. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 8‐10). (A‐B) The effect of WSC was on the performance of mice in the autonomous activity test. (A) Compared with model group long‐term administration of WSC had enhanced the autonomous activities (p<0.05). (B) WSC treatment can significantly increase the number of hairs in mice (p<0.05). (C‐E) The effect of WSC was on the performance of mice in the step‐down test. (C) WSC and VE could prolong the number of errors reduced (p<0.05). (D) WSC, VE, WS have reduced the finding the latency of the platform times (p<0.05 for all). (E) WSC, VE, WS could prolong the time to jump off the platform (p<0.05 for all). (F) Treatments with WSC, WS, and VE prevented D‐gal‐induced learning and memory deficits and their novelty preference (p<0.01 for all). # p< 0.05, ## p<0.01, ### p<0.001 vs. control group. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 vs. model group