Figure 3.

Demonstration of the thermal conductivity of the PAAm hydrogel with 0.099 mol % crosslinker and different water content. (a) 3ω based measurement for thermal conductivity of PAAm hydrogels with varied water content; (b) Heat dissipation ability with change of water content. Inset: Illustration of measurement of heat dissipation for PAAm hydrogels. The blue dots represent thermocouples. Three thermocouples are put on the surface of sample with distance of about 2 mm between each other, and another one is under the bottom of hydrogel. Temperature gradient come from the difference between the value of the bottom thermocouple and the average value of the three top thermocouples in the equilibrium state.