Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study ID | Setting | Type of shock | Patient characteristics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | Mean age (years) | Prognostic index | Baseline mean MAP (mmHg) | Baseline mean LAC (mmol/L) | Regimen | Target MAP (mmHg) | |||
| Albanèse 2005 [13] | Mix-ICU | SS | TP (n = 10) | 66 | 28 (A II) | 54 | NR | TP 1 mg bolus once or twice | 65–75 |
| NE (n = 10) | 65 | 29 (A II) | 54 | NE 0.3 μg/kg/min followed by 0.3 μg/kg/min increments at 4-min intervals | |||||
| Yildizdas 2008 [14] | PICU | CRSS | TP (n = 30) | 2 | 26.4 (P) | 56 | NR | TP 20 μg/kg bolus every 6 h for at most 96 h | > 2 SD for age |
| DA+DB (n = 28) | 2 | 27.9 (P) | 56 | DA 0–20 μg/kg/min, DB 0-15 μg/kg/min, if need E 0–2 μg/kg/min | |||||
| Morelli 2008 [9] | Mix-ICU | SS | TP+NE (n = 19) | 66 | 60 (S II) | 74 | 3 | TP 1 mg bolus, NE 0.9 μg/kg/min | 65–75 |
| TP+DB+NE (n = 20) | 66 | 61 (S II) | 72 | 3 | TP 1 mg bolus, DB 3–20 μg/kg/min, NE 0.9 μg/kg/min | ||||
| NE (n = 20) | 67 | 59 (S II) | 73 | 3 | NE titrated | ||||
| Morelli 2009 [10] | Mix-ICU | SS | TP (n = 15) | 67 | 62 (S II) | 53 | 3 | TP 1.3 μg/kg/h | 65–75 |
| NE (n = 15) | 64 | 58 (S II) | 54 | 3 | NE 15 μg/min | ||||
| Svoboda 2012 [2] | TICU | CRSS | TP (n = 13) | 70 | 18 (SOFA) | 71 | 7 | TP 4 mg/24 h | 65–75 |
| NE (n = 17) | 75 | 18 (SOFA) | 74 | 8 | NE titrated | ||||
| Hua 2013 [21] | Mix-ICU | ARDS+shock | TP (n = 16) | 57 | 19 (A II); 42 (S II) | 59 | NR | TP 1.4 μg/kg/h | 65–75 |
| DA (n = 16) | 52 | 18 (A II); 48 (S II) | 58 | DA 0–20 μg/kg/min | |||||
| Xiao 2015 [22] | Mix-ICU | SS | TP+NE (n = 15) | 62 | NR | 66 | 3.2 | TP 1.3 μg/kg/h | 65–90 |
| NE (n = 17) | 63 | 64 | 3.6 | NE titrated | |||||
| Choudhury 2016 [24] | LICU | Cirrhosis+SS | TP (n = 42) | 47 | 14 (SOFA) | 61 | 3 | TP 1.3–5.2 μg/min | ≥ 65 |
| NE (n = 42) | 48 | 15 (SOFA) | 60 | 3 | NE 7.5-60 μg/min | ||||
| Chen 2017 [23] | Mix-ICU | ARDS+SS | TP (n = 31) | 59 | 23 (A II) | 55 | NR | TP 0.01–0.04 U/min | 65–75 |
| NE (n = 26) | 56 | 21 (A II) | 54 | NE titrated | |||||
| Liu 2018 [8] | Mix-ICU | SS | TP (N = 260) | 61 | 19 (A II); 11 (SOFA) | 68 | 4 | TP 20-160 μg/h | 65–75 |
| NE (n = 266) | 61 | 19 (A II); 11 (SOFA) | 68 | 4 | NE 4-160 μg/h | ||||
A II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CRSS catecholamine-resistant septic shock, DA dopamine, DB dobutamine, E epinephrine, LAC lactate, LICU liver intensive care unit, MAP mean arterial pressure, Mix-ICU intensive care unit, NE noradrenaline, NR not report, P pediatric risk of mortality, PICU pediatric intensive care unit, S II simplified acute physiologic score II, SD standard deviation, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment score, SS septic shock, TICU trauma intensive care unit, TP terlipressin