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. 2019 Mar 8;25:1769–1779. doi: 10.12659/MSM.914916

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The effects of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on the hemodynamic parameters in the rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). (A–D) Following remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), the hemodynamic indices improved. The left ventricular systolic blood pressure (LVSP) and the maximum descent rate of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (−dp/dtmax) in the RIC group were greater than those in the AMI group at days 7 and 14. (E) The heart rate of the rats increased significantly after AMI and decreased after RIC treatment. (F) The red-green fluorescence ratio for mitochondrial membrane potential changes in apoptosis. (G) The opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) in each group. (H) The heart weight/body weight ratio decreased after RIC. (I) RIC reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis, demonstrated by Masson’s trichrome stain for collagen (blue). Scale bar=200 μm. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01 vs. the AMI group; # P<0.05, ## P<0.01 vs. the sham group. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n=24) (8 rats per session).