Table 1.

Socio-demographic responses by ZEST study population

	Univariate		Bivariate regression b
	N	% / Median [IQR]	ICCc	Male IVR	Female IVR	p-value
Study site	965
Livingstone		49.7%
Kapiri		25.4%
Chirundu		24.9%
Age	965	25 [21–30]	3.9%	26.2	26.3	0.99
Ever married	965	69.9%	12.5%	68.7%	75.5%	0.69
Currently divorced/separated	965	24.5%	10.4%	26.8%	18.4%	0.55
Education	965					0.65
No formal education		11.2%		7.3%	11.8%
Primary (up to 9 years)		46.6%		44.6%	53.0%
> 9 years		42.2%		48.1%	35.2%
Able to read and write	959	75.3%	9.1%	82.8%	67.7%	0.06
Monthly income (ZMW)	949					0.38
No income		21.3%		2.6%	24.8%
< 250 kwacha		13.0%		9.9%	38.4%
251–500 kwacha		24.8%		39.1%	29.6%
501–1000 kwacha		25.9%		37.4%	6.2%
1001–1500 kwacha		7.7%		6.9%	0.6%
> 1500 kwacha		7.4%		4.2%	0.4%
Financial situation	962					0.020
Very poor		14.7%		4.8%	24.1%
Poor		37.8%		32.8%	54.1%
Just getting by		36.3%		46.5%	18.9%
Comfortable		10.0%		14.2%	2.6%
Very comfortable		1.2%		1.8%	0.3%
Mobile phone ownership	965	85.0%	6.3%	86.4%	85.2%	0.94
Self-perceived relative SES a	965	3 [2–5]		3.1	3.0	0.94
Any income from non-sex-work	965	30.2%	7.5%	30.6%	27.3%	0.87

ICC Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, IQR inter-quartile range, IVR interviewer, SES socio-economic status, ZMW Zambian Kwacha: 1 Kwacha ~US$ 10

^a10-point scale

^bAll bivariate regressions included study site fixed effects and interviewer random intercepts. Values for male and female IVR are marginal predicted values based on regression coefficients. ^c ICC is the proportion of all variance in a model without interviewer gender attributable to variation in interviewer identity; not available for Poisson or ordered logistic models. P-value is for a χ² test, adjusted for multiple testing across all results shown in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. P-values <0.05 shown in bold