Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of 731 smokers and ex-smokers
| Characteristics | Total (N = 731) | Characteristics | Total (N = 731) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | Clinical | ||
| Age (year; mean ± SD) | 62.2 ± 11.7 | Body weight (kg; mean ± SD) | 66.9 ± 11.4 |
| Gender (%) | Body height (m; mean ± SD) | 1.6 ± 0.1 | |
| Male | 676 (92.5%) | BMI (kg/m2; mean ± SD) | 25.0 ± 3.6 |
| Female | 55 (7.5%) | BMI cutoff | |
| Education | Underweight (< 18.5) | 14 (1.9%) | |
| Primary or below | 338 (46.2%) | Normal (≥18.50 - < 23) | 197 (26.9%) |
| Middle School | 197 (26.9%) | Overweight (≥23 - < 25) | 176 (24.1%) |
| High School | 153 (20.9%) | Obese (≥25) | 344 (47.1%) |
| University or above | 43 (5.9%) | Hypertension (%) | 453 (62.0%) |
| Occupation | Diabetes (%) | 242 (33.1%) | |
| Retired | 369 (50.5%) | Ischemic Heart Disease (%) | 38 (5.2%) |
| Working | 237 (32.4%) | Stroke (%) | 43 (5.9%) |
| Others or unknown | 125 (17.1%) | Spinal deformity (%) | 3 (0.4%) |
| Smoking Status | Chronic pain for at least 6 months (%) | 4 (0.5%) | |
| Total Current smoker | 353 (48.3%) | Other heart disease (%) | 14 (1.9%) |
| • Light smoker | 101 (28.6%) | Undertaken Heart or Lung Surgery (%) | 2 (0.3%) |
| • Moderate smoker | 147 (41.6%) | Pulmonary tuberculosis (%) | 3 (0.4%) |
| • Heavy smoker | 105 (29.7%) | ||
| Total Ex-smoker | 378 (51.7%) | Other lung disease (%) | 2 (0.3%) |
| • Light ex-smoker | 52 (13.8%) | Any Chronic illness (%) | 537 (73.5%) |
| • Moderate ex-smoker | 109 (28.8%) | Number of chronic illnesses (mean ± SD) | 1.08 ± 0.84 |
| • Heavy ex-smoker | 212 (56.1%) | ||
| Years since first smoking (year; mean ± SD) | 42.9 ± 12.9 | ||
| Pack-year (mean ± SD) | 34.2 ± 25.1 | ||
BMI body mass index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cpd cigarettes per day