Figure 2.

Inactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by different kinds of alcohol and commercial hand antiseptics. A and B, Ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol were tested for their efficacy in inactivating HBV. The biocide concentrations ranged from 0% to 60%, with exposure times of 1 minute (A) or 5 minutes (B). For this inactivation assay, 1 part virus and 1 part bovine serum albumin were mixed with 8 parts biocide. Residual infectivity was determined by a limiting dilution assay. Viral titers are displayed as half-maximal tissue culture infective doses (TCID₅₀). Cytotoxicity was determined by examining permissive cells by microscopy for any significant changes in the cell monolayer and was calculated analogously to virus titers (data are TCID₅₀/mL). Data are mean values (±SDs) of 3 independent experiments. ND, no residual infectivity detected. C and D, Five commercial hand antiseptics (Sterillium Classic Pure, Manorapid Synergy, Poly-Alcohol Hand Antiseptic, Sterillium Med, and Desderman Pure) were tested in a quantitative suspension assay for their efficacy in inactivating HBV, as described above. Exposure times of 30 seconds were used at concentrations of 80% (C) and 8% (D). Residual infectivity was determined by a limiting dilution assay (ie, the TCID₅₀ assay). Cytotoxicity was determined by examining permissive cells by microscopy for any significant changes in the cell monolayer and was calculated analogously to virus titers (data are TCID₅₀/mL). Data are mean values (±SDs) of 3 independent experiments. ND, no residual infectivity detected.