. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Pain. 2019 Jan 9;23(4):800–811. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1348

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for pain intensity, depressive symptoms, pain expectancies, pain catastrophizing and temporal summation of pain.

Mean (SD)	Total Sample (N = 552)	CLBP patients (n = 437)	Controls (n = 115)

Pain Intensity	3.27 (2.97)	4.12 (2.76)^*	.01 (.08)
Depressive symptoms	11.09 (8.19)	12.69 (7.91)^*	4.99 (6.12)
Pain expectancies	3.75 (2.53)	3.84 (2.54)	3.40 (2.46)
Pain catastrophizing	16.55 (12.10)	18.55 (12.28)^*	8.96 (7.49)
Mechanical probe pain ratings
Probe 1	14.68 (14.50)	15.10 (15.40)	13.06 (10.27)
Probe 5	22.19 (20.12)	23.62 (21.01)^*	16.76 (15.15)
Probe 10	28.98 (24.98)	30.92 (26.05)^*	18.63 (17.26)
TS of pain	13.68 (18.27)	15.82 (18.80)^*	5.56 (13.28)

Note. Pain intensity = current pain intensity; Depressive symptoms = Beck Depression Inventory-II; Pain catastrophizing = Pain Catastrophizing Scale, TS of pain = temporal summation of mechanical pain.

CLBP patients differ significantly from controls (p < .001)