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Characteristics of study participants by sex (n = 18,387)
| Men (n = 2870) | Women (n = 15,517) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Mean | SD | % | Mean | SD | |
| Secondary education or lower | 30 | 43 | ||||
| Tertiary education/undergraduate | 35 | 37 | ||||
| Tertiary education/graduate | 35 | 20 | ||||
| Chronic disease (at the beginning of the follow-up) | 24 | 25 | ||||
| Age (at the beginning of the follow-up) | 48.3 | 8.3 | 47.0 | 8.5 | ||
| Exposure to heavy physical work/lifting and carrying (during 1996–2005) | 39.7 | 27.8 | 54.9 | 26.8 | ||
