Table 4.
Patient characteristics by comorbidity (overall study population)
| Prior stroke | Retinopathy | CAD | CKDb | Diabetic foot complications | PAD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 26,270) | (n = 18,036) | (n = 30,748) | (n = 171,930) | (n = 38,765) | (n = 56,741) | |
| Healthcare provider | ||||||
| Office based in % | 25.3 | 36.9 | 30.5 | 31.5 | 49.5 | 44.3 |
| Hospital based in % | 74.7 | 63.1 | 69.5 | 68.5 | 50.5 | 55.7 |
| Age in years | 75.1 (67.8; 81.0) | 71.1 (63.1; 78.0) | 73.2 (65.4; 79.6) | 74.5 (66.1; 80.7) | 72.8 (64.3; 79.2) | 73.9 (65.9; 80.1) |
| < 65 years | 18.1 | 29.9 | 23.7 | 22.4 | 26.7 | 22.6 |
| ≥ 65 years | 81.9 | 70.1 | 76.3 | 77.6 | 73.3 | 77.4 |
| Female gender in % | 46.0 | 46.2 | 36.4 | 52.4 | 39.3 | 42.0 |
| Weight in kg | 82.0 (71.9; 94.8) | 86.5 (75.0; 100.0) | 85.0 (74.3; 98.0) | 84.7 (73.0; 98.3) | 88.0 (75.4; 103.0) | 85.0 (74.0; 99.4) |
| Body mass index in kg/m2 | 29.0 (25.6; 32.9) | 30.5 (26.8; 34.8) | 29.4 (26.2; 33.5) | 29.9 (26.3; 34.4) | 30.1 (26.3; 34.6) | 29.7 (26.1; 34.1) |
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| Systolic BP in mmHg | 135.0 (123.0; 146.5) | 135.0 (125.0; 147.5) | 130.0 (120.0; 140.0) | 132.5 (120.0; 145.0) | 134.0 (125.0; 145.0) | 134.0 (123.0; 145.0) |
| Systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg in % | 44.5 | 45.9 | 36.1 | 41.7 | 41.3 | 41.2 |
| Diastolic BP in mmHg | 77.5 (70.0; 80.0) | 79.0 (70.0; 80.0) | 75.0 (70.0; 80.0) | 78.0 (70.0; 80.0) | 77.0 (70.0; 80.0) | 75.5 (70.0; 80.0) |
| Diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg in % | 12.4 | 12.2 | 9.2 | 12.2 | 9.9 | 10.0 |
| AntiHT drug treatment in % | 72.5 | 71.0 | 75.4 | 62.6 | 64.0 | 70.0 |
| Hypertensiona in % | 85.3 | 84.2 | 85.2 | 79.4 | 79.5 | 82.5 |
| Dyslipidemia in % | 90.2 | 87.5 | 91.4 | 88.4 | 85.4 | 87.4 |
| LDL-C in mg/dL | 104.0 (79.0; 133.0) | 104.4 (80.0; 132.0) | 96.0 (73.5; 123.7) | 105.0 (79.3; 135.0) | 104.0 (80.0; 130.0) | 104.0 (79.3; 131.5) |
| TC in mg/dL | 177.9 (147.0; 211.5) | 182 (152.7; 214.0) | 168.0 (140.0; 201.1) | 181.7 (150.8; 216.0) | 176.0 (147.0; 208.0) | 177.9 (149.0; 211.0) |
| TG in mg/dL | 151.0 (109.0; 215.0) | 152.0 (109.0; 217.0) | 151.0 (109.0; 218.0) | 157.9 (113.0; 228.1) | 148.9 (105.3; 210.5) | 150.6 (108.0; 215.2) |
| HDL-C in men in mg/dL | 40.0 (34.0; 49.0) | 42.0 (35.0; 50.3) | 39.5 (33.0; 48.0) | 40.0 (33.0, 48.5) | 41.0 (34.6; 50.3) | 41.3 (34.5; 50.3) |
| HDL-C in women in mg/dL | 46.0 (37.0; 56.1) | 47.0 (38.7; 58.0) | 45.0 (37.0; 55.5) | 46.4 (37.5; 57.0) | 48.0 (39.0; 58.5) | 47.0 (38.7; 58.0) |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Diabetes duration in years | 10.5 (5.2; 17.3) | 16.1 (9.9; 23.7) | 10.6 (5.1; 18.0) | 10.3 (4.9; 17.2) | 13.2 (7.5; 20.3) | 12.0 (6.5; 19.4) |
| 0–5 years in % | 24.1 | 10.6 | 24.8 | 25.5 | 15.9 | 18.9 |
| 6–10 years in % | 22.4 | 14.9 | 21.5 | 22.2 | 19.6 | 21.4 |
| > 10 years in % | 53.4 | 74.5 | 53.7 | 52.3 | 64.5 | 59.7 |
| HbA1c in % | 7.1 (6.3; 8.2) | 7.5 (6.6; 8.6) | 7.1 (6.3; 8.2) | 7.1 (6.3; 8.3) | 7.1 (6.3; 8.1) | 7.0 (6.3; 8.1) |
| HbA1c < 6.5% in % | 31.7 | 21.7 | 32.2 | 30.5 | 30.7 | 32.5 |
| HbA1c < 7.0% in % | 47.6 | 36.7 | 48.0 | 45.8 | 47.6 | 48.9 |
| Kidney parameters | ||||||
| Potassium in mmol/L | 4.3 (3.9; 4.6) | 4.4 (4.0; 4.7) | 4.3 (4.0; 4.7) | 4.3 (3.9; 4.7) | 4.4 (4.1; 4.8) | 4.3(4.0; 4.7) |
| ≤ 4.8 mmol/L in % | 85.4 | 81.9 | 83.2 | 81.8 | 79.9 | 81.6 |
| > 4.8–≤ 5.5 mmol/L in % | 11.9 | 15.6 | 14.1 | 14.6 | 16.9 | 15.1 |
| > 5.5– ≤ 6.0 mmol/L in % | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
| > 6.0 mmol/L in % | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| Urinary albumin in mg/g | ||||||
| Normal (< 30 mg/g) in % | 70.0 | 66.7 | 71.1 | 48.8 | 66.3 | 65.9 |
| Micro (≥ 30–300 mg/g) in % | 23.1 | 24.9 | 22.5 | 40.8 | 26.4 | 26.5 |
| Macro (> 300 mg/g) in % | 6.9 | 8.4 | 6.4 | 10.4 | 7.3 | 7.6 |
| Creatinine in mg/dL | 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) | 1.0 (0.8; 1.4) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) | 1.3 (1.0; 1.6) | 1.1 (0.9 1.4) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.5) |
| eGFR mL/min/1.73 m2 | 59.4 (42.4; 76.8) | 60.9 (42.8; 79.8) | 59.6 (42.5; 76.0) | 48.9 (36.3; 59.0) | 61.5 (43.1; 81.1) | 59.2 (41.7; 77.7) |
| < 15 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| 15 to < 30 in % | 8.8 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 12.6 | 8.5 | 9.4 |
| 30 to < 45 in % | 17.8 | 16.6 | 17.6 | 25.9 | 16.7 | 17.9 |
| 45 to < 60 in % | 22.5 | 20.7 | 22.3 | 36.6 | 20.4 | 21.7 |
| 60 to < 90 in % | 35.9 | 35.7 | 37.3 | 14.1 | 36.1 | 35.4 |
| ≥ 90 in % | 13.1 | 15.7 | 12.1 | 7.9 | 16.2 | 13.4 |
Median (Q1; Q3) or percent (%)
Patients with multiple comorbidities possible
AntiHT antihypertensive, BP blood pressure, CAD coronary artery disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, PAD peripheral artery disease, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides
aDefined as either systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg OR diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg OR on antihypertensive drug treatment
bDefined as eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 OR eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria (≥ 30 mg/g)