Table 2. Factors influencing the safety against residential building fire-related injuries based on participants’ experiences in fire-related building injury prevention.

Categories	Subcategory	Code
Building structure	Challenges related to structural factors	inappropriate interior design	low-quality construction materials	Non-standard building density	An elevator and a staircase in one place
	Challenges associated with nonstructural	Lack of installation of safety equipment (fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing systems)	Inadequate layout of the interior space	Inadequate maintenance of indoor equipment	Failure to build fire escapes
	Energy resource challenges	Capsules and gas pipelines	Unsafe electrical wiring	Unsafe electrical equipment	Factors related to other energy sources
Social factors	Challenges of safety culture	Lacks of priority for safety	Unsafe lifestyle	Poor belief in safety	The worthlessness of human life
	Legislation and supervision weakness	Few laws in relation to fires safety	Lack of effective laws	Poor law enforcement	Lack of adequate supervision in relation to fire safety
	Economic challenge	Less fires insurance	Non-payment of safety subsidies	Inability to buy safety equipment	High cost of safe energy sources
	Poor education and safety knowledge	Insufficient knowledge in rescue team	Poor education in residents of residential buildings	Insufficient knowledge and information in people
Individual illness Individual disabilities Low age and aging Individual characteristics Residents characteristics and behavior	Individual characteristics	Low age and aging	Individual disabilities	Individual illness
	Behavioral barriers	Individual unsafe lifestyle		Individual risky behavior
	Low perception of risk	Poor individual belief in safety		Poor individual risk perception
Rescue and relief services	The challenge for rescue and relief services	Weak pattern of services	Weakness of equipment and function for rescue team workers	Operational weakness of the rescuers	Weakness in the scene management
	Obstructive urban infrastructure	Heavy urban traffic	Difficult access to fire scene	No emergency lane	Inappropriate design of residential buildings
	Members of the public at the fire scene	People with poor knowledge of fire extinguishing and first aid	Intervention of people at the scene	People gathered at the scene	Poor notification to pre hospital emergency