Table 2:
Effect of financial incentives on viral suppression at 24 weeks
| Proportion virally suppressed |
Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Unadjusted p value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Control group | |||||
| Intention-to-treat analyses | 168/201 (84%) | 156/191 (82%) | 1/14 (0.68–1.93) | 0.62 | 1.14 (0.66–1.97) | 0.63 |
| Per-protocol analyses | 168/187 (90%) | 156/172 (91%) | 0.91 (0.45–1.83) | 0.78 | 0.80 (0.39–1.65) | 0.55 |
| Subgroup analyses | ||||||
| Baseline suppressed | 141/153 (92%) | 132/147 (90%) | 1.34 (0.60–2.96) | 0.48 | 1.56 (0.67–3.62) | 0.30 |
| Baseline unsuppressed | 27/48 (56%) | 24/44 (55%) | 1.07 (0.47–2.44) | 0.87 | 1.14 (0.47–2.73) | 0.78 |
| Men | 62/77(81%) | 73/95 (77%) | 1.25 (0.60–2.61) | 0.56 | 1.32 (0.61–2.85) | 0.48 |
| Women | 106/124 (85%) | 83/96 (86%) | 0.92 (0.43–1.99) | 0.84 | 0.96 (0.44–2.11) | 0.93 |
| Median daily wage or less | 67/87 (77%) | 50/61 (82%) | 0.77 (0.39–1.54) | 0.46 | 0.76 (0.38–1.52) | 0.44 |
| Above median daily wage | 93/104 (89%) | 102/125 (82%) | 2.61 (0.97–7.00) | 0.06 | 2.39 (0.88–6.48) | 0.09 |
| High discount rate* | 74 (85%) | 82 (80%) | 1.39 (0.65–2.99) | 0.40 | 1.41 (0.64–3.10) | 0. 39 |
| Low discount rate* | 82 (82%) | 64 (82%) | 0.99 (0.46–2.15) | 0.99 | 0.97 (0.44–2.10) | 0.93 |
Data are n/N (%) unless otherwise specified. Viral suppression was defined as HIV RNA of less than 400 copies per mL. Odds ratio was adjusted for sex and median daily wage.
*
Determined based on responses to questions administered at baseline about participants’ time preferences for immediate versus delayed monetary rewards.