Table 3.
Baseline and Post-Treatment (Week 5) Theory-Based Measures by Study Group: MAW Phase 3 Pilot Study
| Baseline | Week 5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | Biomarker Feedback Group | Control Group | p-valuea | Biomarker Feedback Group | Control Group | p valueb |
| TRSQ autonomous quitting motivationc | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 5.7 ± 1.1 | 0.84 | 6.0 ±1.3 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 0.08 |
| Range | 2.2–7.0 | 2.8–7.0 | 2.5–7.0 | 4.0–7.0 | ||
| Self-efficacy to quitd | 6.8 ± 2.3 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | 0.44 | 7.3 ± 2.1 | 7.1 ± 1.9 | 0.94 |
| Range | 3–10 | 2–10 | 3–10 | 5–10 | ||
| Cancer Risk | ||||||
| Perceptions Scalee | ||||||
| Self | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 0.54 | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.99 |
| Range | 1.8–5.0 | 2.0–4.8 | 1.3–5.0 | 1.0–4.5 | ||
| Baby | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.54 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 0.68 |
| Range | 1.0–5.0 | 1.0–5.0 | 1.0–4.5 | 1.0–4.0 | ||
| Response efficacyf | ||||||
| Self | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 0.91 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 3.9 ± 1.2 | 0.31 |
| Range | 3.0–4.0 | 2.0–7.0 | 2.0–4.0 | 2.0–9.0 | ||
| Baby | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 0.12 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.9 | 0.13 |
| Range | 1.0–4.0 | 3.0–4.0 | 2.0–4.0 | 1.0–4.0 | ||
Note. Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and range.
Two-sample t-test comparing study groups at the baseline assessment. Analyses were also adjusted for marital status which did not change the results (all p>0.05).
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) assessing change in measures. For these analyses, the week 5 assessment was the dependent variable and study group and the baseline assessment were the independent variables. Analyses were also adjusted for marital status, which did not alter the results (all p>0.05).
TRSQ=Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire, 6-item autonomous quitting motivation subscale assessing reasons to quit or remain abstinent from smoking. Items are rated on a 1–7 point scale (1=not at all true, 4=somewhat true, 7=very true). The score reflects the mean of the six items with higher scores indicating greater internalized (versus external) sources of motivation to quit smoking.
Single item “How confident are you in your ability to quit using tobacco?” rated on a scale from 1 (not at all confident) to 10 (completely confident).
Perceived risk of developing lung cancer for self (4 items) and baby (4 items). Items are rated on a 5 point Likert scale. Scores for each of the self and baby subscales reflect the mean of 4 items with a possible score of 1–5; higher scores indicate greater lung cancer risk perceptions.
Two items assessing benefits of quitting tobacco for self (1 item) and baby (1 item). Mean scores for each item can range from 1–4, with higher scores indicating greater perceived benefits.