Fig. 4.

The dynamical rotational Doppler effect together with the anisotropy of the Auger decay makes the Auger profile asymmetric. (A) The symmetric partial cross section ${\sigma }_0$ is responsible for the translational and rotational Doppler broadening and the Doppler splitting caused by the anisotropy of core ionization. (B) During the Auger process, the molecule has time to change the orientation. The interference of the instantaneous and time-delayed Auger channels results in an antisymmetric contribution ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}}$. The results are convoluted with a Gaussian instrumental function of 0.1-eV width. Inset shows the increase of the asymmetry parameter $a\left(\omega \right)=\eta a_0\left(\omega \right)$ with the photon energy, where $a_0\left(\omega \right)$ is the asymmetry of ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}}$ at given photon energy as indicated in B for $\omega =12$ keV.