Table 3.

Overview of the main studies that investigate the correlation between vitamin D metabolites and growth in children

Reference	Study area, study design	Number of patients	Vitamin D metabolite considered	Correlation between vitamin D metabolites and growth
Sudfeld [85]	Tanzania, prospective cohort	581 children born to HIV-uninfected mothers	25(OH)D	No effect of vitamin D metabolites on the incidence of stunting or wasting until 6 months of age
Sudfeld [86]	Tanzania, prospective cohort	948 uninfected HIV-exposed children	25(OH)D	Increased risk of incident wasting during the first 2 years of life in children with values of 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL
Chowdhury [87]	India, prospective cohort	246 children with vitamin D deficiency (aged 6–30 months)	25(OH)D	Vitamin D metabolites did not seem to correlate with ponderal/linear growth either at baseline or at follow-up
Andersson [88]	Sweden, prospective cohort	249 short prepubertal children (mean age of 8.31 ± 2.46 years) who received GH treatment	25(OH)D	25(OH)D decreased during the first year of GH treatment Direct correlation between baseline 25(OH)D levels and the height SDS in the 1st year of treatment No correlation between 25(OH)D variation in the 1st year of treatment and the height SDS in the 1st year of treatment
Ogle [89]	Australia, prospective cohort	11 short-statured children (mean age of 9.4 ± 2.3 years) not affected by GHD receiving rGH for 24 weeks	1,25(OH)2D	rGH therapy increased 1,25(OH)2D levels