Table 2.

Results for VAPSs at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after injecting epidural hydromorphone and total analgesic requirement (PCIA with sufentanil) in the first 24 h.

	Group H0 (n=20)	Group H1 (n=20)	Group H2 (n=20)	Group H3 (n=20)
2 h	0.9 ± 0.6	0.95 ± 0.5	0.65 ± 0.6	0.6 ± 0.5
4 h	2.8 ± 0.9	2.4 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.9∗	0.7 ± 0.6∗
6 h	2.8 ± 0.7	2.7 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.7∗	0.8 ± 0.7∗
12 h	3.1 ± 0.8	2.9 ± 0.7	2.8 ± 0.6	1.0 ± 0.9∗
24 h	3.2 ± 0.7	3.1 ± 0.6	3.2 ± 0.7	2.5 ± 0.8∗
Total sufentanil required at 24 h (μg)	90 ± 26	75 ± 29	54 ± 32∗	15 ± 16∗

Data are mean ± SD. ^∗P < 0.05 versus group H0. VAPSs = visual analogue pain scores. PCIA = patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.