Table 1.

Summary of changes associated to oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder.

Species/model	Damage	Antioxidant effect	Reference
Alloxan-diabetic rats	Depressive behavior	N-Acetylcysteine and imipramine displayed antidepressant effects	[48, 49]
Diabetic rats	Depressive behavior and oxidative stress	Clonazepam and insulin reversed the depressive behavior and restored the antioxidant status	[50, 52]
STZ-diabetic rats	Depressive behavior	Hydrogen sulfide induced antidepressant effects	[53]
STZ-diabetic rats	Depressive behavior, oxidative stress, and inflammation	Metformin plus ascorbic acid reduced the depressive behavior and had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects	[54]
STZ-nicotinamide-diabetic rats	Depressive behavior	Ascorbic acid had antidepressant effects, reduced oxidative stress, and inflammation	[55, 56]
STZ-diabetic rats	Depressive behavior	Aloe vera displayed antidepressant, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects	[56]
MDD and bipolar disorder patients	Severity of symptoms was associated to glucose levels and the number of episodes to glucose toxicity	—	[63]