Table 2.
Maternal height according to family income and skin colour in four birth cohorts, Pelotas, Brazil
| Mean maternal height in cm (95% confidence interval) |
P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | 1993 | 2004 | 2015 | ||
| Quintiles of family income | |||||
| P -value | <0.01a | <0.01b | <0.01b | <0.01b | |
| Q1 (poorest) | 154.1 | 158.1 | 157.5 | 160.0 | <0.01c |
| (153.8; 154.4) | (157.7; 158.5) | (157.0; 157.9) | (159.6; 160.5) | ||
| Q2 | 153.7 | 159.2 | 157.7 | 160.8 | <0.01c |
| (153.4; 154.0) | (158.8; 159.6) | (157.3; 158.2) | (160.3; 161.2) | ||
| Q3 | 157.2 | 159.5 | 158.5 | 161.2 | <0.01c |
| (157.0; 157.5) | (159.1; 160.0) | (158.1; 158.9) | (160.8; 161.6) | ||
| Q4 | 158.0 | 160.6 | 159.0 | 161.9 | <0.01c |
| (157.7; 158.4) | (160.2; 161.0) | (158.6; 159.5) | (161.5; 162.3) | ||
| Q5(wealthiest) | 159.4 | 161.7 | 160.7 | 163.8 | <0.01c |
| (159.0; 159.7) | (161.3; 162.1) | (160.3; 161.1) | (163.4; 164.2) | ||
| Concentration | 0.75 | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.44 | <0.01 |
| index | (0.69; 0.80) | (0.33; 0.46) | (0.31; 0.45) | (0.36; 0.51) | |
| Slope index of | 1.60 | 0.76 | 0.76 | 0.76 | <0.01 |
| inequality | (1.49; 1.71) | (0.64; 0.88) | (0.63; 0.90) | (0.64; 0.88) | |
| Maternal skin colour | |||||
| P-value | 0.0a | 0.09a | 0.30a | <0.01a | |
| White | 156.5 | 159.8 | 158.7 | 161.9 | <0.01c |
| (156.4; 156.7) | (159.6; 160.0) | (158.5; 159.0) | (161.6; 162.1) | ||
| Brown | 158.9 | 158.2 | 159.9 | <0.01c | |
| 156.0d | (158.0; 159.8) | (157.5; 159.0) | (159.4; 160.5) | ||
| Black | (155.7; 156.4) | 160.0 | 158.5 | 161.5 | <0.01c |
| (159.6; 160.4) | (158.0; 158.9) | (160.9; 162.1) | |||
a
P-value for heterogeneity from intra-cohort ANOVA tests.
b
P-value for linear trend from intra-cohort ANOVA tests.
c
P-value for heterogeneity from inter-cohort ANOVA tests.
d
In 1982, brown women were classified as black; the results presented here expressed the mean height of black and brown women.