Table 4.
Prevalence of overweight or obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy according to family income and skin colour in four birth cohorts, Pelotas, Brazil
| Prevalence of overweight or obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy (95% confidence interval) |
P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | 1993 | 2004 | 2015 | ||
| Quintiles of | |||||
| family income | |||||
| P-value | <0.01a | 0.07a | <0.01a | <0.01a | |
| Q1 (poorest) | 18.6 | 21.2 | 22.8 | 41.8 | <0.01c |
| (16.2; 21.3) | (18.7; 23.8) | (19.5; 26.6) | (38.4; 45.2) | ||
| Q2 | 28.2 | 22.1 | 31.3 | 50.1 | <0.01b |
| (25.5; 31.1) | (19.9; 24.6) | (27.5; 35.3) | (46.6; 53.5) | ||
| Q3 | 21.7 | 24.5 | 30.6 | 52.4 | <0.01c |
| (19.3; 24.2) | (21.8; 27.5) | (27.0; 34.6) | (49.0; 55.8) | ||
| Q4 | 23.2 | 24.4 | 33.7 | 50.7 | <0.01c |
| (20.8; 25.8) | (21.8; 27.2) | (30.1; 37.5) | (47.3; 54.0) | ||
| Q5(wealthiest) | 18.7 | 20.0 | 27.8 | 39.8 | <0.01c |
| (16.4; 21.1) | (17.7; 22.6) | (24.5; 31.3) | (36.6; 43.2) | ||
| Concentration | −2.52 | 0.02 | 3.12 | −0.71 | 0.44 |
| index | (−5.42; 0.39) | (−2.71; 3.08) | (0.00; 6.30) | (−2.56; 1.14) | |
| Slope index of | −3.00 | 0.11 | 5.08 | −1.92 | 0.33 |
| inequality | (−6.81; 0.88) | (−3.76; 3.98) | (−0.50; 10.65) | (−7.13; 3.29) | |
| Maternal skin colour | |||||
| P-value | <0.01a | 0.03a | 0.08a | <0.01a | |
| White | 20.9 | 21.7 | 28.2 | 45.9 | <0.01c |
| (19.7; 22.1) | (20.4; 23.0) | (26.4; 30.2) | (44.2; 47.7) | ||
| Brown | 22.2 | 31.7 | 46.0 | <0.01c | |
| 28.5d | (17.3; 28.1) | (25.7; 38.4) | (41.8; 50.2) | ||
| Black | (25.5; 31.6) | 25.7 | 32.8 | 53.1 | <0.01c |
| (23.0; 28.6) | (29.0; 36.9) | (49.2; 57.0) | |||
a
P-value for heterogeneity from intra-cohort chi square tests.
b
P-value for heterogeneity from inter-cohort chi square tests.
c
P-value for linear trend from inter-cohort chi square tests.
d
In 1982, brown women were classified as black; the results presented here expressed the prevalence of overweight or obesity among black and brown women.