Fig 2. Flux of [1,2-¹³C] glucose to glycolysis, pentose phosphate and lactate synthesis pathways.

The hITPCs were cultured in monolayer treated with vehicle (Control) or rhBMP12 (100ng/ml) (BMP12) or micromass (Micromass) cultures. After 6 days, the cultures were labeled [1,2-¹³C]-glucose for 48 hrs and lysed in 4% perchloric acid. The medium and acid-soluble fractions were subjected to metabolomics analysis. (A) Carbon fate map showing the isotopomer distribution of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), pyruvate (Pyr), ribose-5 phosphate (R5P) and lactate derived from [1,2-¹³C]-glucose. (B) Concentration of glucose and lactate in the medium. (C) ¹³C-enrichment of M2-Lactate (M2-Lac) in the medium. (D) ¹³C-enrichment of G6P, R5P and G3P in the cell layer. The values are average +/- SD. n = 4 per group. *, p<0.05.