Table 4. Univariate logistic regression analysis (no and minor complications SIR0-2 vs. major complications SIR3-4) of all variables in the study group (n = 311).
| Variable | Comparator | OR | OR Upper CI | OR Lower CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | (per 10 years) | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.46 |
| Sex | male | 1.9 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 0.13 |
| (ref = female) | |||||
| Emphysema | yes | 4.4 | 1.9 | 10.2 | <0.001 |
| (ref = no) | |||||
| Lesion size | (per cm) | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.11 |
| Lesion lobar location | rt upper | 2.7 | 0.8 | 8.8 | 0.09 |
| (ref = lt lower) | rt lower | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 0.79 |
| rt middle | 0.2 | 0.01 | 5.3 | 0.38 | |
| lt upper | 1.3 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 0.65 | |
| Lesion morphologic characteristic | subsolid | 0.2 | 0.05 | 1.5 | 0.14 |
| (ref = solid) | consolidative | 0.4 | 0.02 | 8.6 | 0.58 |
| cavitary | 1.5 | 0.2 | 10.3 | 0.62 | |
| Lesion-to-pleura distance | (per cm) | 1.9 | 1.5 | 2.4 | <0.001 |
| Lesion histopathology | malignant | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2.6 | 0.90 |
| (ref = benign) | infection | 2.1 | 0.4 | 9.7 | 0.33 |
| non-diagnostic | 3.0 | 0.6 | 14.2 | 0.16 | |
| Patient position | lateral | 1.2 | 0.2 | 6.3 | 0.77 |
| (ref = supine) | prone | 1.7 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 0.22 |
| Thoracic wall thickness | (per cm) | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.36 |
| Number of procedural CT images | (per 10 images) | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.01 |
| Procedure time length | (per 5 minutes) | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 0.06 |
| Number of pleural passes | 2x | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.34 |
| (ref = 1x) | 3x | 2.1 | 0.7 | 6.1 | 0.17 |
| 4-5x | 5.1 | 1.5 | 17.2 | 0.008 | |
| Fissure puncture | yes | 10.3 | 3.2 | 32.8 | <0.001 |
| (ref = no) | |||||
| Needle-to-blood vessel angle | angle≤90° | 6.2 | 1.7 | 22.5 | 0.005 |
| (ref = no angle) |