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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2018 Dec 27;119:118–123. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.12.023

Table 2.

Results from Logistic Regressions of Adolescent Tolerance for Deviance and Smoking Trajectories Predicting Mortality Outcomes, 1980 to 2011, Midwestern U.S.

All-Cause Mortality

Predictor β SE Wald χ2 95% CI β OR 95% CI OR
Smoking Trajectories (b path)
 Stable Quitters −0.079 0.072 0.066 [−0.732, 0.489] 0.924 [0.506, 1.687]
 Developmentally Limited −0.977 0.643 2.308 [−2.552, 0.089] 0.376 [0.107, 1.328]
 Experimenters −0.051 0.388 0.017 [−0.902, 0.649] 0.95 [0.444, 2.034]
 Early Onset 1.028 0.228 20.245 [0.568, 1.470] 2.795§ [1.786, 4.373]
 High School Onset 0.474 0.216 4.826 [0.036, 0.890] 1.607§ [1.052, 2.452]
 Adult Onset 0.153 0.282 0.296 [−0.438, 0.679] 1.166 [0.671, 2.024]
 Relapsing/Remitting 0.418 0.260 2.583 [−0.118, 0.911] 1.518 [0.912, 2.527]
Adolescent Tolerance for Deviance (c′ path) 0.314 0.108 8.370 [0.101, 0.531] 1.368§ [1.106, 1.692]
Tobacco-Specific Mortality

Predictor β SE Wald χ2 95% CI β OR 95% CI OR

Smoking Trajectories (b path)
 Stable Quitters 0.112 0.576 0.038 [-1.225, 1.144] 1.118 [0.362, 3.455]
 Developmentally Limited −1.097 1.413 0.603 [−5.945, 0.897] 0.334 [0.021, 5.324]
 Experimenters −1.293 1.413 0.838 [−6.144, 0.711] 0.274 [0.017, 4.378]
 Early Onset 0.985 0.439 5.030 [0.061, 1.838] 2.677§ [1.132, 6.329]
 High School Onset 0.384 0.435 0.780 [−0.548, 1.215] 1.468 [0.626, 3.444]
 Adult Onset 0.748 0.453 2.726 [−0.235, 1.602] 2.113 [0.869, 5.135]
 Relapsing/Remitting 0.486 0.493 0.972 [−0.596, 1.410] 1.625 [0.619, 4.267]
Adolescent Tolerance forDeviance (c′ path) 0.394 0.212 3.463 [−0.036, 0.840] 1.482 [0.979, 2.244]

Note:

§

indicates 95% Wald confidence limits did not include zero.