Table 1.
Participant demographic and cigarette characteristics by treatment group at SPECTRUM baseline smoking Usual Nicotine Cigarettes and at the final post-randomization visit (Hershey 2015–17)
| VLNC (n=50) | UNC (n=50) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age, M(SD) | 43.6 (10.2) | 44.5 (11.5) |
| Female, N(%) | 34 (68) | 30 (60) |
| Race, N(%) | ||
| White | 39 (78) | 43 (86) |
| Black | 5 (10) | 4 (8) |
| Other | 6 (12) | 3 (6) |
| ≤ High school education, N(%) | 28 (56) | 29 (58) |
| Smoking Characteristics | ||
| Flavor, N(%) | ||
| Regular | 22 (44) | 21 (42) |
| Menthol | 28 (56) | 29 (58) |
| UNC Spectrum baseline study visit | ||
| Plasma cotinine, M(SD) | 243.9 (118.6) | 267.2 (137.1) |
| Exhaled CO, M(SD) | 36.6 (17.6) | 34.3 (15.9) |
| Cigarettes per day, M(SD) | 22.2 (9.3) | 25.4 (18.3) |
| FTND dependence score, M(SD) | 6.30 (2.0) | 6.26 (2.2) |
| PSCDI dependence score, M(SD) | 12.8 (3.4) | 13.4 (3.3) |
| ETS exposure, N(%) | ||
| None/Low | 16 (32) | 13 (26) |
| Moderate/High | 34 (68) | 37 (74) |
| Self-reported noncompliancec, N(%) | 0 (0) | 4 (8) |
| Post-randomization study visit | ||
| Plasma cotininec,d, M(SD) | 93.1 (160.8) | 267.7 (143.9) |
| Exhaled CO d, M(SD) | 29.2 (19.4) | 33.9 (14.7) |
| Cigarettes per day a, d, M(SD) | 19.8 (13.3) | 25.2 (14.0) |
| FTND dependence scoreb,c,d, M(SD) | 5.5 (2.9) | 6.6 (2.1) |
| PSCDI dependence scorec,d, M(SD) | 11.4 (4.4) | 13.6 (3.1) |
| ETS exposure, N(%) | ||
| None/Low | 17 (34) | 17 (34) |
| Moderate/High | 33 (66) | 33 (66) |
| Self-reported noncompliance, N(%) | 4 (8) | 6 (12) |
NOTE: VLNC = very low nicotine content; UNC = usual nicotine content; ETS = environmental tobacco smoke; CO = carbon monoxide; FTND = Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence; PSCDI = Penn State Cigarette Dependence Index.
a
UNC group n= 48
b
UNC group n= 49
c
Significant (p<.05) t-test or chi-square analysis indicating UNC > VLNC group
d
Significant (p<.05) group by time interaction in repeated measures ANOVA indicating ΔVLNC > ΔUNC