Table 1.
Preclinical rodent ischemic stroke models testing human neural stem cell therapy
| NSC type | Transplantation time point post‐stroke | Route of administration | Cell dose | Modes of action identified | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fetal‐derived | 1 week | IP | 3 × 100,000 |
Cell replacement Synaptic reorganization |
Andres et al. (2011) |
| Fetal‐derived | 6 hr | IV | 1 × 3,000,000 | Immunomodulation | Watanabe et al. (2016) |
| Fetal‐derived | 1 day | IP | 1 × 100,000 | Immunomodulation | Huang et al. (2014) |
| Fetal‐derived | 1–2 weeks | IP | 2 × 150,000 | Cell replacement | Darsalia et al. (2007) |
| Fetal‐derived | 1 day | IV | 1 × 4,000,000 |
Cell replacement Neuroprotection Angiogenesis |
Song et al. (2015) |
| Fetal‐derived | 1 week | IP | 3 × 100,000 |
Cell replacement Immunomodulation |
Kelly et al. (2004) |
| Fetal‐derived | 4 weeks | IP |
2 × 225,000; 1 × 4.5 × 103, 4.5 × 104, or 4.5 × 105 a |
Neurogenesis Angiogenesis |
Hassani et al. (2012), Hicks et al. (2013) and Stroemer et al. (2009) |
| Fetal‐derived | 3 weeks, 2 daysa | IP | 2 × 100,000 |
Cell replacement Neurogenesis Immunomodulation |
Mine et al. (2013) |
| Fetal‐derived | 1 day | ICV | 1 × 120,000 |
Cell replacement Neuroprotection Neurogenesis Angiogenesis |
Ryu et al. (2016) |
| hESC‐derived | 1 day | IP | 1 × 50,000 |
Neurogenesis Angiogenesis |
Zhang et al. (2011) |
| hESC‐derived | 1 week | IP | 1 × 200,000 |
Cell replacement Immunomodulation |
Chang et al. (2013) |
| hESC‐derived | 2 weeks | IP | 1 × 120,000 |
Cell replacement Neurogenesis |
Jin et al. (2011) |
| iPSC‐derived | Immediately after stroke reperfusion | IP | 1 × 1,000,000 | Cell replacement | Yuan et al. (2013) |
| iPSC‐derived | 1 week | IP |
Mouse: 1 × 100,000 Rat: 2 × 200,000 or 2 × 150,000a |
Cell replacement Angiogenesis |
Oki et al. (2012) |
| iPSC‐derived | 1 week | IP | 1 × 100,000 |
Cell replacement Neuroprotection |
Polentes et al. (2012) |
| iPSC‐derived | 2 days | IP | 2 × 150,000 | Cell replacement | Tornero et al. (2013) |
| iPSC‐derived | 1 week | IP | 1 × 200,000 |
Cell replacement Immunomodulation Neurogenesis |
Zhang et al. (2013) |
| iPSC‐derived | 1 day | IP | 1 × 100,000 | Immunomodulation | Eckert et al. (2015) |
hESC: human embryonic stem cell; ICV: intracerebroventricular; IP: intraparenchymal; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cell; IV: intravenous; NSC: neural stem cell.
a
two separate experiments were performed. Cell dosing nomenclature is as follows: [number of injection sites] × [number of NSCs per injection]. For each experiment, all cell injections were performed on the same day.