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. 2019 Mar 12;10:179. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00179

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Copyright © 2019 Raber, Yamazaki, Torres, Kirchoff, Stagaman, Sharpton, Turker and Kronenberg.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Sequential beam irradiation increased alpha-diversity of the gut microbiome in a dose-dependent fashion as measured by the Shannon entropy statistic (Wilcoxon test p < 0.005). (B) The phylogenetic diversity of the gut microbiome increased as a function of dose (linear model slope: 0.17, p = 0.035). (C) Composition of the gut microbiome is significantly associated with dose based on the Canberra distance metric (p = 0.007). (D) Several taxa vary in terms of the relative abundance in the gut as a function radiation exposure, including Butyricicoccus (left) and Lachnospiraceae (right) (Kruskal-Wallis fdr < 0.2). Blue lines represent a loess fit through the distribution of observations, where gray areas represent the standard error.