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. 2019 Mar 12;6:11. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2019.00011

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Utility of SWIG in patients with GBM. (A) The amount of near-infrared fluorescence detected in tumors after SWIG administration positively correlates with contrast-enhancement on preoperative MRI (p-value 0.03), suggesting that SWIG can label contrast-enhancing tissue in real-time (49). (B,C) A contrast-enhancing GBM demonstrates strong NIR fluorescence in the operating room after durotomy. This technique does not suffer from brain-shifts, unlike neuronavigation. (D,E) After standard resection, NIR imaging of the surgical bed demonstrates no residual areas of strong NIR fluorescence. Postoperative day-1 MRI demonstrates postoperative changes with gross-total resection. Arrows indicate the orientation of the surgical bed. In patients whom post-resection NIR imaging does not demonstrate residual NIR fluorescence, the neurosurgeon can be more confident that gross-total resection has been achieved.