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. 2019 Mar 12;10:393. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00393

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Copyright © 2019 Engert, Weiler, Pfaffinger, Stefanski and Schmucker.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparisons of mean values during lights-on or lights-off for the covariates plasma cortisol concentration, activity behavior, and hematocrit. Values for pigs held under long day conditions (LD) are shown in red, values for pigs held under short day conditions (SD) are shown in blue. The graphs and statistical analyses include values calculated from the 26 samplings per pig, subdivided into values during lights-on or lights-off for all animals per treatment (mean ± SEM, LD n = 9, lights-on = 18 samplings & lights-off = 8 samplings, SD n = 11, lights-on = 10 samplings & lights-off = 16 samplings). Mixed ANOVA with treatment (LD/SD) as between-subjects factor and light (on/off) as within-subjects repeated factor was performed for comparisons. If there was a significant interaction effect, simple main effects were analyzed with the least significant difference (LSD) procedure. Significant interactions between main effects were found for (A) plasma cortisol concentration and (B) activity behavior, whereas for (C) hematocrit, there was a significant main effect of light only; refer to Table S9 for statistical details, ^***P < 0.001, ^*P < 0.05.