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. 2019 Mar 12;10:252. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00252

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Copyright © 2019 Zhu, Umehara, Okazaki, Goto, Fujita, Hoque, Kawai, Zeng and Shimada.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The transcription and translation in sperm mitochondria. (A) RT-PCR derived expression of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, where – S, boar sperm; P, positive control (porcine ovarian granulosa cell). (B,C) Time-dependent changes in the expression of mt-Nd1 (B) and mt-Nd6 (C) genes during 6 h incubation. (D) Western blotting image showing the expression of the mitochondria-encoded protein (MT-ND1 and MT-ND6), nuclear-encoded protein (NDUFA7), and α-tubulin during 6 h incubation. (E–G) Quantitative expression of the MT-ND1, MT-ND6, and NDUFA7 over α-tubulin (control) generated from western blotting. (H) Immunolocalizations of MT-ND1, MT-ND6, and NDUFA7 in boar sperm, scale bar indicates 5 μm. Values are specified as mean ± SEM of three replicates. Columns with different lowercase letters differ significantly (p < 0.05).