Fig. 1.

Emodin selectively regulates N2 neutrophils in vitro. a CD66b expression in HL-60-differentiated N1 and N2 neutrophils analyzed by FITC-conjugated anti-mouse CD66b staining (n = 5, ×40). b Morphological changes N1 and N2 neutrophils analyzed by Laser holographic cell imaging and analysis system (n = 5, ×40). c NET formation analyzed by DAPI staining (n = 5, ×40). d Neutrophil phagocytosis detected by the Giemsa staining (n = 5, ×100). e Neutral red uptake examined with Microplate reader (n = 5). f ROS detected by DCFH-DA (n = 5). g Cell autophagy-associated proteins examined by Western blot (n = 3). h Cell viability examined by MTT (n = 5). i Cell apoptosis detected by Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit (n = 5). The data present mean ± SD, the experiments were repeated 3 times, and statistical significance was determined by a t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01