Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects according to the weight-changes for 2 years after diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
| Weight change (%) | ≥ − 10% | − 10 ~ − 5% | − 5 ~ 5% | 5 ~ 10% | ≥ 10% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 6897) | (n = 25,468) | (n = 118,691) | (n = 16,127) | (n = 6053) | |
| At diagnosis of diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Height (cm) | 161.6 ± 9.6 | 162.7 ± 9.3 | 164.1 ± 8.8 | 164.5 ± 8.8 | 164.6 ± 8.8 |
| Body weight (kg) | 69.6 ± 13.1 | 69.3 ± 12.1 | 69.5 ± 11.4 | 66.7 ± 11.4 | 63.3 ± 11.1 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 163.5 ± 41.3 | 162.6 ± 40.0 | 170.1 ± 45.5 | 202.5 ± 59.9 | 230.7 ± 66.7 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 130.4 ± 16.2 | 130.0 ± 15.5 | 130.0 ± 15.6 | 129.2 ± 16.1 | 127.5 ± 16.5 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 80.6 ± 10.4 | 80.7 ± 10.2 | 81 ± 10.2 | 80.7 ± 10.5 | 80.2 ± 10.4 |
| Hypertension (yes, %) | 3478 (50.5) | 12,592 (49.5) | 60,598 (51.2) | 7632 (47.4) | 2561 (42.4) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 216.7 ± 42.39 | 216.19 ± 41.47 | 215.54 ± 41.8 | 216.98 ± 43.88 | 218 ± 46.09 |
| Dyslipidemia (yes) | 3229 (46.93) | 11,530 (45.34) | 52,940 (44.71) | 6974 (43.38) | 2642 (43.88) |
| After the first 2 years | |||||
| Age (years) | 57.2 ± 12.1 | 56.7 ± 10.9 | 56.0 ± 10.2 | 54.9 ± 10.3 | 54.2 ± 10.8 |
| Sex (male) | 3340 (48.4) | 14,577 (57.2) | 79,477 (67.0) | 11,418 (70.8) | 4400 (72.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.01 ± 3.14 | 24.32 ± 3.04 | 25.64 ± 3.16 | 26.25 ± 3.38 | 26.54 ± 3.57 |
| Height (cm) | 161.2 ± 9.7 | 162.5 ± 9.3 | 164.0 ± 8.8 | 164.5 ± 8.8 | 164.7 ± 8.9 |
| Body weight (kg) | 60.05 ± 11.34 | 64.46 ± 11.27 | 69.16 ± 11.38 | 71.25 ± 12.16 | 72.23 ± 12.49 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 127.6 ± 49 | 131.3 ± 42.2 | 137.2 ± 38.5 | 139.9 ± 38.7 | 140.6 ± 42.2 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 123.6 ± 14.9 | 125.3 ± 14.4 | 127.7 ± 14.3 | 128.9 ± 14.4 | 129.5 ± 14.9 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76.3 ± 9.8 | 77.5 ± 9.5 | 79.0 ± 9.5 | 79.8 ± 9.5 | 80.1 ± 9.6 |
| Hypertension (yes, %) | 3267 (47.4) | 12,534 (49.3) | 64,971 (54.8) | 9265 (57.5) | 3464 (57.3) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184.0 ± 40.9 | 188.8 ± 40.7 | 191.1 ± 40.11 | 188.5 ± 39.23 | 188.0 ± 39.6 |
| Dyslipidemia (yes, %) | 3036 (44.1) | 11,956 (47.0) | 59,955 (50.6) | 8320 (51.7) | 3152 (52.1) |
| Waist circumferences (cm) | 80.4 ± 8.6 | 83.1 ± 8.1 | 86.5 ± 8.1 | 87. 9 ± 8.4 | 88.5 ± 8.7 |
| Current smoker | 1464 (21.3) | 6200 (24.4) | 32,347 (27.3) | 4716 (29.3) | 1825 (30.2) |
| Heavy alcohol drinker | 344 (5) | 1740 (6.9) | 10,871 (9.2) | 1596 (9.9) | 613 (10.2) |
| Regular exercise | 3652 (53.1) | 14,066 (55.3) | 67,037 (56.6) | 8862 (55.1) | 3282 (54.3) |
| Income (lower 25%) | 1485 (21.5) | 4962 (19.5) | 22,829 (19.2) | 3380 (21.0) | 1300 (21.5) |
| Use of insulin (yes) | 170 (2.5) | 338 (1.3) | 1292 (1.1) | 345 (2.1) | 263 (4.3) |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD, or n (%). P-values for the trend were < 0.0001 for all variables because of the large size of the study population. BMI body mass index, FBG fasting blood glucose, BP blood pressure