Fig. 5.

Identification of the causative genes using RHA and allele replacement methods. a Maximum cell growth rate (μ_max). b Glucose-consumption rate (q_smax). c Ethanol productivity (P_EtOH). The RHA and allele replacement strains are detailed in Additional file 1: Table S1. High-temperature fermentation capacities were evaluated at 42 °C in 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 50 ml YP medium with 200 g/l glucose at 220 rpm. Data represent the mean and standard error of duplicate cultures at each condition. Statistical analysis for each group of three strains including the control strain tp × sp and two hemizygotes or homozygotes of each gene was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple-comparison posttest (***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05)