Table 6.

Hierarchical regression analyses testing the association between vigilance, EEG slow waves, and OSA severity on acute OSA (N = 24)

Dependent variable	Models	Predictors	β	95% CI for B	p valuea	Adj. R2	ΔR2
PVT Lapses in acute OSA	Model 1	Age	−0.30	−0.35, 0.07	0.18	0.03	—
		Sex	−0.02	−5.92, 5.42	0.93
		BMI	0.24	−0.17, 0.47	0.34
Model 2: Model 1 + one EEG metric	ΔSWAK	−0.46	−1.63, −0.11	0.03	0.17	0.20*
		KC Density	0.21	−0.66, 1.80	0.34	0.03	0.04
		%SWA	−0.39	−0.58, 0.02	0.06	0.15	0.15
	Model 3: Model 1 + AHI3A	AHI3A	0.55	0.04, 0.21	0.01	0.31	0.28*
Change in PVT Lapsesb	Model 4	Age	−0.30	−0.29, 0.06	0.19	−0.02	—
		Sex	−0.06	−5.22, 4.16	0.82
		BMI	−0.09	−0.31, 0.22	0.73
Model 5: Model 4 + change in one EEG metric	Change in ΔSWAK	−0.59	−1.64, −0.29	<0.01	0.27	0.29**
		Change in KC Density	0.32	−0.41, 2.5	0.15	0.04	0.09
		Change in %SWA	−0.01	−0.25, 0.24	0.97	−0.07	0.00
	Model 6: Model 4 + change in AHI3A	Change in AHI3A	0.55	0.03, 0.17	0.01	0.24	0.27*

95% CIs are shown for the unstandardized regression coefficient B and not β. ΔSWAK: change in relative frontal slow-wave activity (1–4 Hz) 1 second pre- to post-stage N2 K-complex; KC Density: number of stage N2 K-complexes per minute of stage N2 sleep time; %SWA: relative frontal slow-wave activity (0.5–4 Hz) during NREM sleep; ΔR²: change in R² from the model with covariates only. Significant change in ΔR² is highlighted in bold.

^a p value for each predictor.

^bChange in PVT Lapses (likewise EEG metrics and AHI3A) is defined as PVT Lapses on CPAP withdrawal (acute OSA) minus PVT Lapses on CPAP (treated OSA)

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.