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. 2019 Mar 12;6(1):e000374. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2018-000374

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Two-step approach of the study. Samples were issued from the PYOMUCO cohort study whose patients (n=96), initially (T0) all Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) free for at least 1 year, were separated into two groups (group 1 and group 2) according to their P. aeruginosa status at the end of the follow-up (Tf).³ Group 1 patients remained negative, whereas group 2 patients became positive. In a first step carried out in a first set of patients (n=33), bacterial biomarkers associated with P. aeruginosa were screened by 16S-targeted metagenomics; a candidate biomarker (Porphyromonas catoniae) was revealed. In a second step, distribution of the candidate biomarker according to the two groups of patients was verified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) on a second set of patients (n=52) coming from the same cohort. CF, cystic fibrosis.