. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Sep 19;32(21):3552–3558. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1466275

Table 3.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between DII and GDM in an GDM case-control study, Tehran, Iran, (n=388).

	Dietary Inflammatory Index (Tertiles) OR (95% CI)			P_trend-value^a	DII (Continuous)^b OR (95% CI)	P-Value
DII	Tertile 1 ≤ −1.32	Tertile 2 −1.31 to −0.38	Tertile 3 >−0.38
Cases/controls	40/89	31/89	51/88		122/266
Age and energy-adjusted	1 (ref.)	1.16 (0.62, 2.18)	2.65 (1.39, 5.07)	0.007	1.25 (1.01, 1.56)	0.04
Multivariable-adjusted ^c	1 (ref.)	0.82 (0.42, 1.57)	2.10 (1.02, 4.34)	0.03	1.20 (0.94, 1.54)	0.15

P-value for trend derived using the median approach.

One unit increase corresponding to ≈34% of its range in the current study.

Adjusted for age, energy, gestational age, exercise, BMI, history of diabetes, history of exposure to smoking and history of supplemental intake.