Table 2. Technical Characteristics of Included Studies.
| First Author (Year of Publication) (Ref.) | Vendor | Model | Field Strength (T) | DWI Sequence | Number of b-Values (Strength) | DWI Parameters | ROI Definition (Number Persons, Experience in Years) | ROI Extent | Blindness to Reference Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Galbán (2009) (38) | Philips | Achieva | 3 | SSEPI | 2 (0, 800) | TR/TE = 5000/77–100, NEX: 2, FOV: 240 x 192 mm, slice thickness: 6 mm, time: 5 min, matrix: 120 x 97 | Radiologist or oncologist (2, N/A) | Volume | N/A |
| Hatakenaka (2011) (30) | Philips | Intera | Achieva 1.5 | SSEPI | 7 (0, 100, 200, 300, 500, 750, 1000) | TR/TE = 3000/73, NEX: 2, bandwidth: 1645.9, time: 4 min 6 sec, matrix: 256 x 112 | Radiologists (2, > 15 yr) | Single section | Yes |
| Kim (2009) (28) | Siemens | Sonata, Trio | 1.5 or 3 | SSEPI | 3 (0, 500, 1000) | TR/TE = 4000/89, signal average: 4 | Radiologist (1, N/A) | Volume | N/A |
| King (2013) (34) | Philips | Intera NT | 1.5 | SSEPI | 6 (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500) | TR/TE = 2000/75, slice thickness: 4 mm, gap: 0, FOV: 230 mm, acquisition matrix: 112 x 112, reconstruction matrix: 256 x 256, signal average: 4 | Radiologist (1, > 15 yr) | Volume | N/A |
| Lombardi (2017) (26) | Philips | Achieva | 1.5 | EPI | 3 (0, 500, 1000) | N/A | Radiologist (1, 5 yr) | Single section | N/A |
| Marzi (2017) (25) | GE Healthcare | Optima | 1.5 | SSEPI | 9 (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 300, 500, 800) | TR/TE = 4500/77, slice thickness: 4 mm, gap: 5 mm, bandwidth: 1953, FOV: 260–280 mm, acquisition matrix: 128 x 128, time: 6 min 13 sec | Radiologists (2, 15, and 6 yr) | Volume | N/A |
| Matoba (2014) (9) | Siemens | Avanto | 1.5 | SSEPI | 3 (0, 90, 800) | TR/TE = 4000/68, TI: 180, matrix: 512 x 256, FOV: 25, section thickness: 6 mm, gap: 3 mm | Radiologists (2, 15, and 20 yr) | Volume | Yes |
| Ng (2014) (24) | Siemens | Magnetom Trio with TIM | 3 | SSEPI | 2 (0, 800) | TR/TE = 8200/84, time: 2 min 28 sec, slice thickness: 5 mm | Radiologist (1, > 20 yr) | Single section | N/A |
| Paudyal (2017) (37) | Philips | Ingenia | 3 | SSEPI | 10 (0, 20, 50, 80, 200, 300, 500, 800, 1500, 2000) | TR/TE = 4000/minimum, NA: 2, matrix: 128 x 128, FOV: 20–24, slices: 8–10, slice thickness: 5 mm, time: 5 min | Radiation oncologist (1, > 5 yr) and radiologist (1, > 10 yr) | Single section | N/A |
| Schouten (2014) (36) | Siemens | Sonata | 1.5 | EPI, HASTE | 3 (0, 500, 1000) | TR/TE = 5000/105, in-plane pixel size: 2 x 2 mm | Radiologist (1, 29 yr) | Single section | Yes |
| Vandecaveye (2012) (33) | Siemens | SONATA | Vision | 1.5 | SSEPI 6 (0, 50, 100, 500, 750, 1000) | TR/TE = 7100/84, matrix: 104 x 128, 44 slices, slice thickness: 4 mm, gap: 0.4 mm, FOV: 20 x 25 | Radiologist (1, 6 yr) | Volume | Yes |
| Wong (2016) (35) | Siemens | MAGNETOM Aera | 1.5 | SSEPI | 3 (50, 400, 800) | TR/TE = 13400/61, matrix: 96, FOV: 199 x 199, bandwidth: 1000 | Radiation oncologist (1, N/A) and radiologist (1, N/A) | Single section | N/A |
DWI = diffusion-weighted imaging, EPI = echo-planar imaging, FOV = field of view, HASTE = HAlf fourier Single-shot Turbo spin-Echo, NA = number of averages, NEX = number of excitations, ROI = region of interest, SSEPI = single-shot spin-echo EPI, T = tesla, TE = echo time, TI = inversion time, TR = repetition time