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. 2019 Mar 13;10:115. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00115

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Copyright © 2019 Ashton, Dean, Walker, Bortolasci, Ng, Hopwood, Harvey, Möller, McGrath, Marx, Turner, Dodd, Scott, Khoo, Walder, Sarris and Berk.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proposed neurobiology of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and associated mechanisms of mangosteen pericarp (purple italics). These major psychiatric disorders have been shown to have aberrations in oxidative biology, mitochondrial function and neurogenesis/apoptosis. The purple italicized text indicates the points at which mangosteen pericarp has mechanistic actions that may benefit these disorders. Complexes I, II, II, and IV; CoQ, Coenzyme Q; C, cytochrome C; Fe²⁺, ferrous ion; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; H₂O, water; H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate); NO, nitric oxide; Nox, NADH, Reduced Nicotinamide adenine; O2, Superoxide anion; OH, Hydroxyl radical; ONOO, peroxynitrite; SOD, Superoxide dismutase.