Table 2.
Summary of behavioral evidence for Garcinia mangostana Linn. (mangosteen).
| Paper | Mangosteen compound | Outcome | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oberholzer et al. (76) | Mangosteen pericarp extract | ↓ Depressive-like behaviors, ↑ Recognition memory |
In vivo: Flinders sensitive line rats, compared with imipramine (tricyclic antidepressant) |
| Harvey et al. (77); Lotter et al. (78) | Raw mangosteen pericarp (50 mg/kg) | ↓ Depressive-like behaviors | In vivo inflammatory rat model of schizophrenia cf. haloperidol |
| Phyu et al. (87) | Xanthones from aqueous extract of mangosteen pericarp | ↓ Depressive-like behaviors | In vivo lead-poisoned mice (n = 42) |
| Sattayasai et al. (88) | Mangosteen pericarp extract | ↑ Memory | In vivo and In vitro memory impaired mice |
| Huang et al. (90) | Mangosteen pericarp extract | ↓ Cognitive impairment and spatial memory recall | In vivo and In vitro: 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease. Hippocampal cells and serum. |
| Chang et al. (109) | Mangosteen-based juice blend (containing 305 mg of α-mangostin and 278 mg of hydroxycitric acid) | ~ Physical fatigue, heart rate, ↓ Mental fatigue |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial healthy adults (n = 12) |
| Watanabe et al. (110) | Mangosteen pericarp (40% α- and γ-mangostin) | ↓ Insulin levels and insulin resistance ~ Glucose levels, weight loss, waist circumference, body composition, LDL, HDL, triglycerides |
Randomized controlled pilot study (n = 20) |
| Kudiganti et al. (111) | Meratrim (Sphaeranthus indicus flower and mangosteen pericarp at 3:1 ratio) | ↓ Total mood disturbance | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy overweight subjects (n = 60) |
| Laupu (112) | 1,000 mg/day Mangosteen pericarp | ↓ Depressive-like behaviors, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, ↑ Life satisfaction and general functioning |
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in schizophrenia/schizoaffective population (n = 80) |