Table 1.
Characteristics of studies (case and control groups) with Behcet disease through the world and continents
| Authors | Places | Cases N = 22 papers |
Controls N = 22 papers |
Effect size and 95% CI | Heterogeneity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (F %) | HLA-B27 (F) | Sample size (F %) | HLA-B27 (F) | OR % (lower limit–upper limit), P-value | df (Q) | P-value | I2 | ||
| Far East | |||||||||
| Takano et al. [12] | Japan | 73 (43.5) | 0 | 141 (45.6) | 3 | – | – | – | – |
| Chung et al. [13] | Republic of China | 51 (30.4) | 4 | 128 (41.4) | 6 | – | – | – | – |
| Cibo et al. [14] | China | 44 (26.2) | 9 | 40 (12.9) | 12 | – | – | – | – |
| Subtotal | 168 (4.3) | 13 | 309 (5.1) | 21 | 0.82% (0.36–1.86), P = 0.6 | 2 | 0.33 | 7.63 | |
| Middle East | |||||||||
| Brautbar et al. [15] | Israel | 24 (0.8) | 0 | 615 (16.9) | 28 | – | – | – | – |
| Yazici et al. [16] | Turkey | 36 (1.3) | 5 | 86 (2.4) | 4 | – | – | – | – |
| Muftuuglu et al. [17] | Turkey | 119 (4.2) | 7 | 268 (7.4) | 9 | – | – | – | – |
| Gul et al. [2] | Turkey | 174 (6.1) | 6 | 191 (5.3) | 7 | – | – | – | – |
| Pirim et al. [18] | Turkey | 75 (2.6) | 7 | 54 (1.5) | 6 | – | – | – | – |
| Mizuki et al. [19] | Turkey | 33 (1.2) | 1 | 65 (1.8) | 6 | – | – | – | – |
| Ombrello et al. [20] | Turkey | 1190 (41.7) | 44 | 1257 (34.6) | 42 | – | – | – | – |
| Xavier et al. [21] | Iran | 973 (34.1) | 25 | 824 (22.7) | 21 | – | – | – | – |
| Al-Okaily et al. [22] | Saudi Arabia | 60 (2.1) | 1 | 60 (1.7) | 1 | – | – | – | |
| Mizuki et al. [23] | Turkey | 172 (6.0) | 43 | 212 (5.8) | 12 | – | – | – | |
| Subtotal | 2856 (72.5) | 139 | 3632 (59.8) | 136 | 1.38% (0.83–2.32), P = 0.2 | 9 | 0.00 | 63.08 | |
| Europe | |||||||||
| Chamberlain [24] | UK | 28 (5.1) | 7 | 613 (34.4) | 15 | – | – | – | – |
| Lehnar et al. [25] | UK | 65 (11.9) | 8 | 300 (16.8) | 17 | – | – | – | – |
| Munoz-Saa et al. [26] | Spain | 24 (4.4) | 0 | 165 (9.2) | 7 | – | – | – | – |
| Subtotal | 544 (13.8) | 34 | 1784 (29.4) | 57 | 2.86 (0.90–9.02), P = 0.07 | 5 | 0.00 | 77.46 | |
| Africa | |||||||||
| Bettencourt et al. [10] | Portugal | 78 (14.3) | 8 | 208 (11.7) | 0 | – | – | – | – |
| Piga et al. [4] | Italy | 45 (8.3) | 3 | 185 (10.4) | 8 | – | – | – | – |
| Montes-Cano et al. [27] | Spain | 304 (55.9) | 8 | 313 (17.5) | 10 | – | – | – | – |
| Subtotal | 544 (13.8) | 34 | 1784 (29.4) | 57 | 2.86 (0.90–9.02), P = 0.07 | 5 | 0.00 | 77.46 | |
| Choukri et al. [28] | Morocco | 86 (23.2) | 3 | 116 (33.0) | 8 | – | – | – | – |
| Salky et al. [29] | Tunisia | 165 (44.5) | 0 | 124 (35.2) | 4 | – | – | – | – |
| Radouane et al. [5] | Morocco | 120 (32.3) | 16 | 112 (31.8) | 3 | – | – | – | – |
| Subtotal | 371 (9.4) | 19 | 352 (5.8) | 15 | 1.44% (0.27–7.73), P = 0.6 | 2 | 0.03 | 71.15 | |
| Total | 3939 (100) | 205 | 6077 (100) | 229 | 1. (1.01–2.38), P = 0.04 | 21 | 0.00 | 66.97 | |
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, df degrees of freedom, I2 I-squared, P P-value, F Frequency, % Percentage