Figure 7.
Type I error rate for the slope parameter by estimation method, number of clusters, and sample size per cluster.
Note. FEM = fixed effects modeling; REML = multilevel modeling using restricted maximum likelihood estimation; KR = Kenward–Rogers correction for multilevel modeling; MCMC = Markov chain Monte Carlo with informative or noninformative priors. A reference line has been placed at the nominal 0.05 level.