Table I.
Comparisons between dipping and non-dipping hypertensive patients
| Characteristics | Dipping (n = 105) | Non-dipping (n = 138) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics: | |||
| Age [years] | 54.5 ±10.8 | 59.3 ±13.6 | 0.006 |
| Male, n (%) | 55 (52.4) | 83 (60.1) | 0.018 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 49 (46.7) | 68 (49.3) | 0.046 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 23.7 ±2.6 | 24.1 ±3.1 | 0.270 |
| CHD, n (%) | 33 (31.4) | 54 (39.1) | 0.002 |
| IS, n (%) | 10 (9.5) | 14 (10.1) | 0.722 |
| CVD, n (%) | 43 (40.9) | 68 (49.3) | 0.004 |
| DM, n (%) | 27 (25.7) | 36 (26.1) | 0.383 |
| CKD, n (%) | 10 (9.5) | 17 (12.3) | 0.039 |
| Hypertension duration [years] | 5.3 ±2.1 | 5.6 ±2.4 | 0.106 |
| Medications: | |||
| Anti-platelet, n (%) | 64 (61.0) | 89 (64.5) | 0.063 |
| Statins, n (%) | 57 (54.3) | 78 (56.5) | 0.109 |
| Anti-hypertension, n (%): | 96 (91.4) | 127 (92.0) | 0.820 |
| ACEi/ARB | 68 (64.8) | 90 (65.2) | 0.446 |
| CCB | 22 (21) | 28 (20.3) | 0.560 |
| Diuretic | 37 (35.2) | 52 (37.7) | 0.094 |
| β-blocker | 16 (15.2) | 22 (15.9) | 0.306 |
| α-blocker | 5 (4.8) | 9 (6.5) | 0.113 |
| Numbers of agents | 2.4 ±0.7 | 2.6 ±0.6 | 0.645 |
| Anti-diabetes, n (%) | 27 (25.7) | 34 (24.6) | 0.558 |
| Laboratory indexes: | |||
| FPG [mmol/l] | 6.0 ±0.9 | 5.8 ±0.7 | 0.407 |
| TC [mmol/l] | 5.3 ±0.5 | 5.4 ±0.8 | 0.624 |
| LDL-C [mmol/l] | 3.1 ±0.5 | 3.2 ±0.6 | 0.375 |
| HDL-C [mmol/l] | 1.1 ±0.3 | 1.1 ±0.4 | 0.860 |
| TG [mmol/l]# | 1.6 (1.2—3.7) | 1.8 (1.1—3.9) | 0.443 |
| Creatinine [μmol/l] | 90.8 ±11.6 | 102.4 ±12.2 | 0.017 |
FPG – fasting plasma glucose, TC – total cholesterol, LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG – triglyceride, CVD – CHD plus IS,
#
TG – median and interquartile, ACEi/ARB – angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, CCB – calcium channel blocker.