Table 4.
Comparison of parent- and child-reported secondary outcomes
| Outcome | Intervention arm (I) | Control arm (C) | Adjusted mean difference/odds ratioa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (s.d.)/% | Mean (s.d.)/% | Estimate | 95% CI | p value | ICC | |
| Parent-reported outcomes | ||||||
| SDQ Total difficulties score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 7.7 (6.5) | 7.6 (6.4) | 0.1 | −0.3 to 0.5 | 0.64 | 0.008 |
| SDQ Total difficulties score in struggling rangeb | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 17.5% | 15.4% | 1.24 | 0.92–1.67 | 0.16 | 0.030 |
| SDQ Behaviour score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 1.4 (1.7) | 1.3 (1.6) | 0.03 | −0.1 to 0.1 | 0.63 | 0.025 |
| SDQ Emotions score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 2.1 (2.3) | 2.0 (2.3) | 0.02 | −0.2 to 0.2 | 0.86 | 0.017 |
| SDQ Overactivity score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 3.0 (2.7) | 3.0 (2.6) | 0.1 | −0.1 to 0.3 | 0.30 | 0.004 |
| SDQ Peer relationships score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 1.3 (1.7) | 1.3 (1.8) | −0.03 | −0.2 to 0.1 | 0.66 | 0.034 |
| SDQ Pro-social score | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 8.6 (1.7) | 8.7 (1.7) | −0.04 | −0.2 to 0.1 | 0.54 | 0.002 |
| SDQ Impact score >0 | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 33.3% | 30.8% | 0.94 | 0.71–1.25 | 0.69 | 0.035 |
| Assessment of pupil reading level | ||||||
| Fluent reader | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 64.3% | 67.5% | 0.96 | 0.75–1.23 | 0.75 | 0.081 |
| Assessment of pupil's relationship with teacher | ||||||
| Good relationship | ||||||
| 9–30-months | 85.6% | 84.4% | 1.20 | 0.93–1.54 | 0.16 | 0.028 |
| Assessment of parent's relationship with teacher | ||||||
| Good relationship | ||||||
| 9– 30-months | 73.1% | 73.3% | 1.12 | 0.87–1.45 | 0.39 | 0.039 |
| Child-reported outcomes | ||||||
| How I feel about my school | ||||||
| 9-months | 10.8 (2.5) | 10.9 (2.4) | 0.02 | −0.3 to 0.3 | 0.89 | 0.077 |
| 18-months | 10.5 (2.5) | 10.4 (2.8) | 0.3 | −0.1 to 0.7 | 0.17 | 0.106 |
| 30-months | 10.4 (2.8) | 10.3 (2.8) | 0.2 | −0.2 to 0.7 | 0.35 | 0.111 |
Mean difference reported for quantitative outcomes and odds ratios reported for binary outcomes.
Struggling scoring 14 or more out of 40.
The sample size for 9-month parent-reported assessments ranges from 624 to 646 in the intervention arm and 637–642 in the control arm.
The sample size for 18-month parent-reported assessments ranges from 600 to 611 in the intervention arm and 606–617 in the control arm.
The sample size for 30-month parent-reported assessments ranges from 550 to 558 in the intervention arm and 557–569 in the control arm.
The sample size for 9-month child-reported assessment is 991 in the intervention arm and 995 in the control arm.
The sample size for 18-month child-reported assessment is 943 in the intervention arm and 943 in the control arm.
The sample size for 30-month child-reported assessment is 864 in the intervention arm and 896 in the control arm.
ICC – Intra-cluster (intra-school) correlation coefficient.