Table 3.
Factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among primary school children (n = 351) at Birbir town, Southern Ethiopia, 2018
| Variables | Category | Number examined | Rate of parasite infection N (%) | COR (95%CI) | P-value | AOR (95%CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (in years) | 5–9 | 135 | 21(15.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 10–14 | 216 | 74(34.3) | 2.785(1.617–4.796) | 0.001 | 2.506(1.411–4.451) | 0.002 | |
| Gender | Male | 180 | 47(26.1) | 1.104(0.689–1.769) | 0.680 | ||
| Female | 171 | 48(28.1) | 1 | ||||
| Residence | Urban | 247 | 56(22.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Rural | 104 | 39(37.5) | 2.046(1.246–3.362) | 0.005 | 1.397(0.737–2.647) | 0.305 | |
| Grade level | 1–4 | 173 | 61(35.3) | 1 | |||
| 5–8 | 117 | 34(29.1) | 0.861(0.525–1.441) | 0.552 | |||
| Educational level of care giver | Unable to read and write | 111 | 29(26.1) | 1.191(0.579–2.449) | 0.636 | ||
| Primary | 186 | 50(26.9) | 1.145(0.587–2.234) | 0.691 | |||
| Secondary and above | 54 | 16(29.6) | 1 | ||||
| Family size | ≤5 | 190 | 38(20.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 5 | 161 | 55(34.2) | 2.065(1.279–3.333) | 0.003 | 1.498(0.880–2.551) | 0.137 | |
| Wash fruits and vegetables before consumption | Yes | 303 | 78(25.7) | 1 | |||
| No | 48 | 15(31.3) | 1.267(0.654–2.455) | 0.483 | |||
| Habit of swimming | Yes | 122 | 36(29.5) | 0.829(0.508–1.352) | 0.452 | ||
| No | 229 | 57(24.9) | 1 | ||||
| Habit of hand washing after toilet | Yes | 318 | 74(23.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 33 | 21(63.6) | 5.77(2.711–12.282) | 0.001 | 4.487(1.998–10.074) | 0.001 | |
| Habit of hand washing after soil contact | Yes | 289 | 78(30.0) | 1 | |||
| No | 62 | 15(24.2) | 1.158(0.613–2.189) | 0.651 | |||
| Hand washing habit before meal | Yes | 344 | 89(25.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 7 | 4(57.1) | 0.262(0.057–1.192) | 0.083 | 4.366(0.789–14.176) | 0.091 | |
| Habit of wearing shoe | Yes | 325 | 84(25.8) | 1 | |||
| No | 26 | 9(34.6) | 0.658(0.283–1.533) | 0.332 | |||
| Latrine availability | Yes | 334 | 86(25.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 17 | 7(41.2) | 0.495(0.183–1.342) | 0.167 | 1.108(0.291–4.223) | 0.880 | |
| Source of drinking water | Piped water | 321 | 80(24.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| River/Lake | 30 | 13(43.3) | 0.434(0.202–0.933) | 0.033 | 1.579(0.555–4.492) | 0.392 | |
| Source of water for bathing | Piped water | 308 | 75(24.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| River/Lake | 43 | 18(41.9) | 0.447(0.231–0.864) | 0.017 | 1.121(0.208–6.032) | 0.894 | |
| Source of water for washing clothes and utensils | Piped water | 311 | 76(24.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| River /Lake | 40 | 17(42.5) | 0.438(0.222–0.862) | 0.017 | 0.973(0.177–5.354) | 0.975 | |
| BMI | < 18.5 | 73 | 18(24.7) | 1.129(0.623–2.046) | 0.689 | ||
| ≥18.5 | 278 | 75(27.0) | 1 |
AOR Adjusted Odd Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, COR Crude Odd Ratio