Figure 4.

E2 and G1 reduce neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region after I/R.

(A) Neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region under confocal microscopy, as detected by TUNEL staining. Green: Apoptotic neurons. Fluorescent agent: FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibody. Arrows indicate apoptotic neurons. Original magnification: 200×. Scale bars: 50 µm. (B) Number of TUNEL-positive cells. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 6; one-way analysis of variance followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test). *P < 0.05, vs. OVX group; #P < 0.05, vs. OVX + I/R group; †P < 0.05, vs. OVX + I/R + E2 group. E2: 17-β-estradiol; G1: selective GPER agonist; G15: selective GPER inhibitor; I/R: ischemia/reperfusion; OVX: ovariectomized; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (dUTP) nick end labeling.