Figure 3.

Ligand bias at the FSHR. Balanced agonists or PAM at the FSHR induce both G protein and β-arrestin recruitment. FSH binding to the FSHR can be prevented using small competitive ligands, antibodies directed against the binding pocket of the FSHR or directly against FSH. Biased signaling toward Gαi, Gαs, or β-arrestin recruitment can result from glycosylation forms of FSH (fully glycosylated FSH24 vs partially glycosylated FSH21-18), antibody or small chemical compounds.