Table 4.

Preclinical Large Animal Studies Using Biodegradable Synthetic Polymer-Derived Vascular Grafts

Authors and year	Animal species	n	Graft type	Inner diameter of graft (mm)	Implantation model	Follow-up time (days)	Patency rate (%)
Shinoka et al. (1998)49	Sheep	7	PGA/PLGA	15	Pulmonary artery interposition	168	100
Niklason et al. (1999)51	Pig	4	PGA	<6	Right saphenous artery interposition	24	100
Shum-Tim et al. (1999)66	Sheep	11	PGA/PHA	7	Abdominal aorta interposition	150	100
Watanabe et al. (2001)60	Dog	4	Femoral vein cell-seeded PGA/PLCL	10	IVC interposition	180	100
Izhar et al. (2001)75	Dog	8	PELA	6	Carotid artery interposition	90	100
Matsumura et al. (2003)57	Dog	16	BMC-seeded PLCL	8	IVC interposition	56	100
Iwai et al. (2004)56	Dog	20	PLGA with collagen microsponge	15	Pulmonary artery patch	180	N/A
Hibino et al. (2005)59	Dog	13	Venous cell or bone marrow-seeded or unseeded PGA/PLCL	8	IVC interposition	28	100 for seeded
							40% for unseeded
Hoerstrup et al. (2006)67	Sheep	14	PGA/PHA	18	Pulmonary artery interposition	700	100
Matsumura et al. (2006)63	Dog	34	BMC-seeded PGA/PLCL	8	IVC interposition	180	N/A
Roh et al. (2007)61	Sheep	8	BMVC-seeded PGA/PLCL	13	IVC interposition	30	100
Brennan et al. (2008)50	Sheep	8	PGA/PLCL	13	IVC interposition	180	100
Torikai et al. (2008)54	Pig	15	PGA/PLA	10	Thoracic aorta interposition	360	100
Yokota et al. (2008)55	Dog	16	PGA/PLA	4	Carotid artery and coronary artery bypass	360	100
Zhang et al. (2008)64	Dog	16	BMSC-seeded PGA/PLCL	6	Abdominal aorta interpostion	90	100
Dahl et al. (2011)52	Dog	8	PGA	3–4	Carotid artery and coronary artery bypass	360	83
Cummings et al. (2012)69	Sheep	14	Myofibroblast and EC-seeded PGA/PHA	—	Pulmonary artery interposition	560	100
Kelm et al. (2012)68	Sheep	14	PGA/PHA	18	Pulmonary artery interposition	1680	N/A
Matsumura et al. (2013)62	Dog	7	PGA/PLCL	8	Pulmonary artery interposition	360	100
Wang et al. (2013)65	Dog	20	Heparin-treated PLA/PLCL and polyurethane-collagen type I composite	<6	Femoral artery interposition	168	88.9
Lu et al. (2013)76	Dog	—	Heparin-treated PCL	2.5
Mrowczynski et al. (2014)53	Pig	11	PCL	4	Carotid artery interposition	30	78
Zhou et al. (2014)73	Dog	6	EC-seeded PCL/CS	3	Carotid artery interposition	90	83
Fukunishi et al. (2016)58	Sheep	6	PCL/CS	5	Carotid artery interposition	180	67
Fukunishi et al. (2016)58	Sheep	6	PGA/PLCL	12	IVC interposition	180	100

BMSC, bone marrow stromal cell; BMVC, bone marrow-derived vascular cells; CS, chitosan; IVC, inferior vena cava; PCL, poly ɛ-caprolactone; PELA, poly(ethylene glycol); PGA, polyglycolic acid; PHA, polyhydroxyalkanoate; PLA, polylactic acid; PLCL, poly (L-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone); PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).