Figure 5.

ChIP analysis of BpNAC012 binding affinity to the core sequence CGT[A/G]. The promoters of BpNAC012 stress-responsive downstream genes, including P5CS1 and P5CS2 (A) and SODs and PODs (B), were selected for ChIP-qPCR analysis. 35S:BpNAC012-GFP transgenic birch plants under normal growth conditions (Normal) or treated with 200 mm NaCl for 12 h (NaCl) or 300 mm mannitol for 12 h (Mannitol) were used for the ChIP assay. After normalization against Ubiquitin, the relative enrichment in ChIP− was designated as 1 to normalize that in chromatins immunoprecipitated with anti-GFP antibody (ChIP). ChIP−, Chromatins immunoprecipitated with hemagglutinin (HA) antibody (negative control). The data represent means of three independent experiments. Error bars represent the sd. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between the ChIP− and ChIP groups at the 0.05 level by one-way ANOVA.