Dreiser 1994.

Methods	R, DB, PC, parallel groups Patch applied twice daily Assessed at baseline, 3, 7 days
Participants	Traumatic ankle sprain (< 2 days) N = 131 M 84, F 47 Mean age 34 years Baseline pain ≥ 50 mm
Interventions	Flurbiprofen patch, 2 x 40 mg daily, n = 65 Placebo patch, n = 66 Rescue medication: paracetamol. Ice or light restraint allowed Exclusions: 1 from flurbiprofen group for protocol violation
Outcomes	PGE: 4‐point scale (responder = "good" or "very good") Improvement in pain: VAS (mean data) Adverse events Withdrawals
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB2, W1. Total = 4/5
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Placebo patch was "non‐medicated (but otherwise identical)"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants included in analysis
Size	High risk	< 50 participants per treatment arm