Governali 1995.
Methods | R, DB, AC, parallel groups Gel or cream applied 3 times daily for up to 14 days Assessed at baseline, 7, 14 days |
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Participants | Soft tissue injuries + 2 fractures N = 30 M = 21, F = 9 Median age 38 years Mean baseline pain on movement moderate to severe (2.8, scale 0 to 4) |
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Interventions | Ketoprofen gel 5%, 3 x 2 to 3 g daily, n = 15 Ketoprofen cream 1%, 3 x 2 to 3 g daily, n = 15 |
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Outcomes | PGE: 5‐point scale (responder = "good" and "excellent") Adverse events Withdrawals |
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Notes | Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB1, W1. Total =3/5 | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not described |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not described |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Treatments were given in identical tubes and measurements made by blinded observers, but one was a cream and the other a gel |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | All participants included in analysis |
Size | High risk | < 50 participants per treatment arm |