Predel 2013a.

Methods	R, DB, PC, parallel groups Treatment for 14 days Assessed at baseline, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days (± 1 day)
Participants	Uncomplicated, one‐sided ankle sprain with swelling ≥ 12 mm (2 to 18 hours) PI on movement, tenderness, joint mobility (scale 0 to 3) summed as ≥ 5 and ≤ 7 N = 232 M 126, F 106 Mean age 29 years
Interventions	Diclofenac 4% spray gel, 3 x 4 to 5 sprays daily (96 to 120 mg diclofenac sodium), n = 118 Placebo spray gel, 3 x 4 to 5 sprays daily, n = 114 Rescue medication: paracetamol 500 mg (maximum 10 tablets per week) No ice or bandaging allowed
Outcomes	None or slight PI on movement at 3 and 7 days PGE: 4‐point scale (responder = "very good" at 14 days) > 50% reduction in swelling at 10 days Adverse events Withdrawals
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB2, W1. Total = 4/5
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	"placebo (vehicle only, no active ingredient)"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	LOCF for full or early cure. Withdrawals < 2%
Size	Unclear risk	50 to 200 participants per treatment arm