Ocular and urogenital strains of C. trachomatis infect immortalized and primary ocular and urogenital cells with similar efficacies. Immortalized HeLa 229 and human conjunctival epithelial (HCjE) cells and human primary conjunctival epithelial (CjE) cells, conjunctival stromal fibroblasts (CjS cells), endocervical epithelial (EcE) cells, endocervical stromal fibroblasts (EcS cells), and endometrial stromal fibroblasts (EmS cells) were infected at the same time with Ba/Apache-2 or E/Bour at an MOI of 1. At 48 hpi, the cells were fixed and stained, and the numbers of IFU per milliliter were determined (see Materials and Methods). The same medium was used for all infections. Data are presented as the sample means and standard errors of the means (SEM), with error bars reflecting three to four independent experiments for HeLa and HCjE cells and two for primary cells from four to five patients. Student's t test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference in infection efficacy between Ba and E strains for each cell type. NS, differences were not significant.